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Hidden Costs

Who is Using Tobacco?

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Maryland Statistics

National Statistics

DID YOU KNOW?

Approximately 1,140 young people become daily cigarette smokers.

Who is using tobacco, anyway? Check out the facts.

High School Cigarette Smoking (1)

23% of high school students in U.S. smoke
23% of females
22.9% of males

Ethnic Breakdown of High School Smoking (1)

26% of Whites
22% of Hispanics
13% of African Americans

Middle School Cigarette Smoking (2)

8% of middle school students in U.S. (2)

Ethnic Breakdown of Middle School Smoking (2)

9% of Whites
10% of Hispanics
8% of African Americans
3% of Asian Americans

Each Day in the United States (3)

Approximately 4,000 young people between the ages of 12 and 17 years initiate cigarette smoking
Approximately 1,140 young people become daily cigarette smokers.

Cigar Smokers

13% of high school students and 5% of middle school students (2)
18% of high school males; 7% of middle school males
8% of high school females; 4% of middle school females

Smokeless Tobacco

10% of high school males and 4% of middle school males (2)

Bidis/Kreteks/Cloves

3% of high school and 2% of middle school students (2)
4% of high school males; 3% of middle school males
2% of high school females; 2% of middle school females.

Factors Associated with Tobacco Use Among Youth (4,5)

Low socioeconomic status
Use and approval of tobacco use by peers or siblings
Tobacco use by parents or guardians
Accessibility, availability and price of tobacco products
Perception that tobacco use is normative
Lack of parental support or involvement
Low levels of academic achievement
Lack of skills to resist influences to tobacco use
Lower self-image or self-esteem
Belief in functional benefits of tobacco use
Lack of self-efficacy to refuse offers of tobacco
Other health risk behaviors, including higher risk sexual behavior and use of alcohol or other drugs

references | updated: 09.12.2007

references

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cigarette Use Among High School Students—United States, 1991–2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report [serial online]. 2006: 55(26);724–726 [cited 2006 Dec 5]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5526a2.htm.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tobacco Use, Access, and Exposure To Tobacco in Media Among Middle and High School Students—United States, 2004. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report [serial online]. 2005: 4(12);297–301 [cited 2006 Dec 5]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5412a1.htm.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2005). Results From the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. (PDF–1.41MB) (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-27, DHHS Publication No. SMA 05–4061) [cited 2006 Dec 5]. Rockville, MD. Available from: http://oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh/2k5nsduh/2k5results.pdf.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Young People: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office on Smoking and Health, 1994 [cited 2006 Dec 5]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1994/index.htm.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2000 [cited 2006 Dec 5]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_2000/index.htm.

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